ENERGY AUDIT 


ELECTRICAL MEASURING INSTRUMENT:-


These are instruments for measuring major electrical parameters such as KVA(APPARENT POWER), KW(ACTIVE POWER), POWER FACTOR, HERTZ(F), KVAR(REACTIVE POWER), AMPERE(A) AND VOLTAGES(V). In addition some of these instruments also measure harmonics.


These instruments are applied on-load(running) condition , i.e. on running motors, without need to stop the motor. Instant measurements can be taken with hand held meters, while more advanced once facilities cumulative reading with print out at specified interval.


FYRITE:-

A hand bellow pump draws the flue gas sample into the solution inside the fyrite. A chemical reaction changes the liquid volume revealing the amount of gas. A seperate fyrite can be used for O2 & CO2 measurement.

FUEL EFFICIENCY MONITOR:-

This measures oxigen and temperature of the flue gas. Calorific values of common fuels are fed into the microprocessor  which calculate the combustion efficiency.

COMBUSTION ANALYZER:-

This instrument has inbuilt chemical cells, which measure various gases such as O2, CO2, NOx &SOx.

 CONTACT THERMOMETER:-

This are thermocouples which measur for flue gas, hot air, hot water temperature by insertion of probe into the steam.

For surface temperature, a leaf type probe is used with the same instrument.

WATER FLOW METER:-

This not-contact flow measuring device using Doppler effect / Ultrasonic principle. There is a transmeter and receiver which are positioned on opposite sides of the pipe. The meter directly gives the flow. Water and other fluid flow can be easily measured with this meter.

INFARED THERMOMETER:-

This is a non contact type measurement instrument. Which when directed at a heat source directly gives the temperature read out. This instrument is useful for measuring hot spots in furnaces, surface temperatures etc.

PILOT TUBE AND MANOMETER:-

Air velocity in ducts can be measured using a pilot tube and inclined manometer for further calculation of flows.

MEASUREMENT OF SPEED:-

In any audit exercise speed measurement are critical as they change with frequency, belt slip and loading.
A Tachometer is a contact type instrument which can be used where direct access is possible.
More sophisticated and safer ones are not contact instruments such as stroboscopes.

LUX METER:-

Illumination level are measured with a lux meter. It consists of a photo cell which sense the light output and converts to electrical impulses which are calibrated as lux.

LEAK DETECTOR:-

Ultrasonic instruments are available which can be used to detect leak of compressed air and other gases which are normally not possible to detect which human abilities.


Note:- The operating instrument for all instrument must be understood and staff should familiarize themselves with the instrument and their operation prior to actual audit use.